i

¡Ya se encuentra abierta nuestra convocatoria para publicar en nuestro Volumen 81 Número 2!

La Revista de Derecho Económico invita a toda la comunidad académica, tanto nacional como internacional, a enviar sus artículos a nuestra página web, en la sección "Enviar artículo". El envío debe cumplir con las normas indicadas en la sección "Publique".

La convocatoria estará abierta, a modo referencial, hasta el 15 de octubre de 2024.

Survival of the fittest» in the declining market of postal services: The Chilean case from a comparative perspective

Autores/as

Resumen

This essay seeks to analyse the declining market of postal services of letter delivery as a network industry, specifically in the Chilean market, and contrasting its features with those of different countries through the jurisprudential analysis of competition law cases. These show some remarkable common features with the last competition law case on Chile’s postal services market, despite being taken from different jurisdictions (Denmark, UK and Spain). For this purpose, we will briefly analyse the market of postal service as a network industry and the declining performance of the segment of letter-post delivery. We will furthermore analyse the specific features shown in Chile’s market of letter-post delivery, its legal and regulatory framework, its market structure, and the implications of said structure for competition, covering the market concentration, economies of scale and sunk costs. Then, we will briefly and generally conceptualise the presence of retroactive conditional rebates in the context of postal services. Finally, we shall contrast different competition law cases that have taken place regarding this segment of the market, in order to answer the question of the reason for the declining feature of the letter-post delivery market and whether this has lead more dominant firms to incur in anticompetitive practices, such as discrimi natory prices or retroactive conditional rebates.

Palabras clave:

Postal service, conditional rebates, network industries, Correos de Chile

Referencias

• Akman, Pinar (2010). «The European Commission’s Guidance on Article 102 TFEU: From Inferno to Paradiso?». The Modern Law Review, 73 (4): 605-630.

• Bodda, Mauro, Fernão De Borba and Lukasz Piotrowski (2021). «Postal economic outlook 2021: The difficult road towards profitable growth». Berne: Universal Postal Union. Available at https://bit.ly/3CMDe7u.

• Boldron, François, Claire Borsenberger, Helmuth Cremer, Philippe De Donder, Denis Joram and Bernard Roy (2011). «Environmental Cost and Universal Service Obligations in the Postal Sector». Review of Network Economics, 10 (3): 1-18.

• Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (2019). S/0041/19 CNMC vs. Sociedad Estatal Correos y Telégrafos S.A. Available at https://bit.ly/3CIe2PJ.

• Correos de Chile (2020). Reporte Integrado. Available at https://bit.ly/42RB5lP.

• Corte Suprema (2017). Sentencia rol número 47.555-2016.

• Crew, Michael A. and Paul R. Kleindorfer (2011). «Competitive strategies under FMO and intermodal competition». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Reinventing the Postal Sector in an Electronic Age (pp. 1-19). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• Davies, Mary (2011). «Assessing anti-competitive behaviour in a postal market». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Reinventing the Postal Sector in an Electronic Age (pp. 217-229). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• Eccles, Richard and Pauline Kuipers (2008). «The proper scope of the rules on abuse of dominant position in a liberalized postal services market». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Competition and Regulation in the Postal and Delivery Sector (pp. 263-281). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• European Commission (1979). «Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. AG vs. Commission of the European Communities». Judgement of February 13, 1979 — Case 85/76. Available at https://bit.ly/3pkhehm

• —. (2001). «Commission Decision of 20 March 2001 relating to a proceeding under Article 82 of the EC Treaty (Case COMP/35.141—Deutsche Post AG)». Official Journal of the European Communities, 44: 27-44. Available at https://bit.ly/3pnnTaE

• —. (2005). «DG Competition discussion paper on the application of Article 82 of the Treaty to exclusionary abuses». European Commission, 4-72. Available at https://bit.ly/3CPrKA7

• —. (2009). «Guidance on the Commission’s enforcement priorities in applying Article [102] of the EC Treaty to abusive exclusionary conduct by dominant undertakings». Official Journal of the European Union, 52: 7-20. Available at https://bit.ly/43XlCli

• —. (2011). Case C-52/09 Konkurrensverket vs. TeliaSonera Sverige AB. Available at https://bit.ly/42WUgKP

• —. (2015). Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 6 October 2015. Post Danmark A/S vs. Konkurrencerådet. Available at https://bit.ly/46nbELC

• —. (2017). Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 6 September 2017. Intel Corp. vs. European Commission. Available at https://bit.ly/3CLCTlO

• —. (2022). Judgment of the General Court (Fourth Chamber, Extended Composition) of 26 January 2022. Intel Corporation Inc. vs. European Commission. Available at https://bit.ly/3XnAM0J

• Fiscalía Nacional Económica (2021). Guía para el Análisis de Operaciones de Concentración Horizontales. Santiago: Fiscalía Nacional Económica. Available at https://bit.ly/3XpK10y

• Flórez Duncan, Felipe, Dawn Longman, Leonardo Mautino and Paul Dudley (2011). «Price discrimination and price differentiation within direct mail». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Reinventing the Postal Sector in an Electronic Age (pp. 243-256). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• Fratini, Alessandra, Bernard Roy and Joost Vantomme (2010). «Access to infrastructure and service elements in the postal sector». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Heightening Competition in the Postal and Delivery Sector (pp. 22-37). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• Geradin, Damien (2010). «Is the Guidance Paper on the Commission’s Enforcement Priorities in Applying Article 102 TFEU to Abusive Exclusionary Conduct Useful?». Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1569502. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1569502

• Geradin, Damien and David Henry (2010). «Abuse of dominance in the postal sector: the contribution of the Guidance Paper on Article 82 EC». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Heightening Competition in the Postal and Delivery Sector (pp. 53-69). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• Geradin, Damien and Christos Malamataris (2014). «Application of EU competition law in the postal sector: overview of recent cases». In Michael A. Crew and Timothy J. Brennan (editors), The Role of the Postal and Delivery Sector in a Digital Age (pp. 116-130). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• Heitzler, Sven (2009). «Traditional Regulatory Approaches and the Postal Service Market». Competition and Regulation in Network Industries, 10 (1): 77-105.

• Ibáñez Colomo, Pablo (2018). «The Future of Article 102 TFEU after Intel». Journal of European Competition Law & Practice, 9 (5): 293-303. DOI: 10.1093/jeclap/lpy023

• Lindeboom, Justin (2022). «Formalism in Competition Law». Journal of Competition Law and Economics, 18 (4): 832-880

• Nikali, Heikki (2008). «Substitution of letter mail for different sender-receiver segments». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Competition and Regulation in the Postal and Delivery Sector (pp. 89-106). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

• O’Donoghue, Robert and Jorge Padilla (2020). «Loyalty Rebates and Related Practices». In The Law and Economics of Article 102 TFEU (pp. 543-602). Oxford: Bloomsbury. DOI: 10.5040/9781509942985.ch-009.

• Offer, John (2014). «From “natural selection” to “survival of the fittest”: On the significance of Spencer’s refashioning of Darwin in the 1860s». Journal of Classical Sociology, 14 (2): 156-177.

• Office of Communications (2021). Annual Monitoring Update for Postal Services: Financial Year 2021-2022. Available at https://bit.ly/3NwDsEH.

• —.(2018). Discriminatory pricing in relation to the supply of bulk mail delivery services in the UK (CW/01122/14). Available at https://bit.ly/3JADVVi

• Panzar, John (1993). «Competition, Efficiency and the Vertical Structure of Postal Services». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Regulation and the Nature of Postal and Delivery Services (pp. 91-108). Norwell: Kluwer Academic.

• Rogerson, Cathy M. and William M. Takis (1993). «Economies of Scale and Scope and Competition in Postal Services». In Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Regulation and the Nature of Postal and Delivery Services (pp.109-132).Norwell: Kluwer Academic.

• Sarmento, Paula and António Brandão (2020). «Networks in Decline. Should Price Regulation Be Abolished? ». International Journal of the Economics of Business, 27 (3): 377-389.

• Universal Postal Union (2022). Global or regional estimates (Spain). Domestic letter delivery services – number of items (2016-2020). Available at https://bit.ly/3NyPMV4

• Witt, Anne (2010). «The Commission’s Guidance Paper on Abusive Exclusionary Conduct – More Radical than it Appears?». European Law Review, 35 (2): 214-235. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2605788

• Wojtek, Ralf and Martin Zauner (2012). «Postal price regulation in a competitive environment». In: Michael A. Crew and Paul R. Kleindorfer (editors), Multi-modal competition and the future of mail (pp. 32-45). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.